Background/Objective: The major concern about the invasive prenatal diagnostic tests is the frequency of procedure induced pregnancy loss. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) is the invasive test of choice in the first trimester after the 10th gestational week. Our experience suggests marked chorioamniotic separation is an uncommon finding after the 10th gestational week. This study assesses the rate of marked membrane separation in a 10 to 14-week gestational period and its effect on post CVS fetal loss. Patients and Methods: Forty-one patients (5.2%) were selected among 782 patients as cases with marked membrane separation (mean maternal age, 26.9 years). CVS procedures were performed with a 20-gauge Chiba needle attached to a 20-ml syringe under ultrasound guidance. Follow-up was performed by phone call and clinical visits until 24 weeks of gestation. For the control group, the follow-up was performed for only 2 weeks. Early fetal loss in the first two weeks of post procedural period, and late fetal loss from 2 weeks after procedure till the 24th gestational week were considered as CVS complications.Results: We detected 2.4% early fetal losses after the procedure. Fourteen cases voluntarily underwent therapeutic abortion due to beta-thalassemia or hemophilia. One fetus with microcephaly was spontaneously aborted in the 21st gestational week. Twenty-five neonates were delivered alive at term and one prematurely at the 32nd week. Marked membrane separation had no significant effect on early post CVS fetal loss rate.Conclusion: The procedure does not have a major impact on the early post CVS fetal loss in patients with marked membrane separation.

Background: A significant number of pregnancies are associated with the cytogenetic abnormalities of the fetus. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are procedures used for prenatal genetic diagnosis. In this study, we compare the safety and complications of mid-trimester amniocentesis and trans abdominal CVS.Materials and Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was performed in 308 patients from 2.11.2007 to 26.10.2009. We had 155 cases of amniocentesis, which we performed in weeks 15-23 of pregnancy; and 153 cases of CVS, which we performed during weeks 10-14 of pregnancy.Results: There were 2 cases (1.2%) of premature rupture of membrane (PROM) in amniocentesis which occurred 1 and 10 days after the procedure and caused pregnancy loss before 20 weeks. We had 1 case (0.7%) of abortion in CVS, which occurred 10 days after the procedure. Additionally, there was 1 case of amniotic fluid leakage (0.7%) in which, after admission to the hospital and observation, leakage was stopped and the pregnancy continued normally.Conclusion: In this study, we had more complications with amniocentesis cases than CVS. CVS is a procedure performed in the earlier stages of pregnancy and its complications are less than amniocentesis. We suggest CVS to be the procedure of choice for genetic diagnosis.

Background/Objective: Early diagnosis of thalassemia with chorionic villus sampling has an important role in fetal evaluation. Because of the increasing risk of fetal loss and other probable risks, it seems there are some considerations about the safety of this method. Since different studies have mentioned variable complications of this method for the mother and her fetus and also the fact that this information is limited in most areas of our country, this study was performed to compare the complications of this procedure with other reports.Patients and Methods: This prospective case series study was performed in the chorionic villus sampling (CVS) center of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences from October 2003 till July 2006. One-hundred thirty seven patients who were referred to this center were sampled and examined by sonography regarding early complications of CVS in mothers and fetuses and deformities in their neonates.Results: The most common early complication of CVS was subchorionic hematoma (6.5%), of which one case finally resulted in placenta abruption and abortion. The fetal loss rate after CVS was the same as the abortion rate following subchorionic hematoma. In this study, we did not find any chorioamnionitis, oligohydramnios and fetal loss during the sampling. Furthermore, in the follow up control of their neonates, there were neither limb deficiency and oromandibular defects nor cutaneous hemangioma.Conclusion: Results show that minor complications of CVS such as subchorionic hematoma can be dangerous and may increase the risk of fetal loss. In addition, this study agrees that sampling after 10 weeks of pregnancy on the hands of an expert is a safe procedure.

Background: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) has a major role in prenatal diagnosis. It is an invasive diagnostic method in completion of primary prenatal screenings. This article is a report of our 8 years experience of CVS in Mashhad.Materials and Methods: We have done 1511 cases of invasive diagnostic procedure including 723 CVS which were included in our study and also 788 cases of amniocentesis. The gestational ages of the patients whom CVS were done for them were between 10 to 22 weeks based on the LMP. All CVS's were done by 19.5 G needles under Ultrasonographic real time guide using freehand method by a radiologist.Results: Mean gestational age at the time of procedure was 12.5 weeks. The most common cause of CVS application was due to beta thalassemia (81%) followed by karyotype (7%), spinal muscular atrophy (werding Hoffman syndrome) (3.3%), Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (2.7%), Duchene muscular dystrophy (3%), and hemophilia, achondroplasia, paternity test, cystinuria, PKU in remaining cases. Needle insertions into placenta were done for 1 time in 517 patients (71.5%), 2 times in 163 patients (22.5%), 3 times in 38 patients (5.2%) and 4 times in 5 patients (0.7%). Any gestational complications within 1 months of CVS were considered as the complication of our procedure.As the complication of the CVS there were 13 cases of spotting without miscarriage (1.8%) and 5 cases of miscarriage (0.7%) including 3 cases of fetal death (0.4%) and one case of abortion (0.1%).Conclusion: CVS is considered as an invasive diagnostic method in early pregnancies but it's benefits outweighing the complications in all cases that it is indicated.

Background: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis are two methods for prenatal diagnosis. The goal of this study was to compare amniocentesis and CVS‑ related complications in a large sample of Iranian women. Methods: Medical records of 1624 women who underwent amniocentesis or CVS due to medical indications between 2008 and 2016 were reviewed. Data regarding age, gravidity, parity, gestational age, type of procedure, neonatal weight (and percentile), trisomia, abortion, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), severe IUGR, preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension were recorded. Results: Finally, 1215 cases were evaluated. Mean maternal age, gravidity, and gestational age were significantly different between two groups. Preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, IUGR, severe IUGR, and intrauterine fetal death were not significantly different between two groups. Trisomy 18 and 21 were common in cases underwent amniocentesis. Conclusions: Women who underwent CVS are not at higher risk for developing hypertensive disorders than women underwent amniocentesis.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an invasive method for identifying genetic and metabolic diseases, which is done in the first trimester of pregnancy and can cause many complications. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the correlation between Transabdominal chorionic villus sampling and fetal distress in color Doppler sonography. This study is experimental (before and after). All pregnant women with minor thalassemia in which their husbands were suffering from minor thalassemia or have a history of a child with major thalassemia and after the 12th week of pregnancy were referred to the ultrasound department. RI for fetal Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) and Umbilical Artery (UA) before and after of CVS were measured and then statistically analyzed using SPSS 22. CVS did not cause a significant increase in RI for the fetal middle cerebral artery (P>0. 05). CVS did cause a significant increase in RI for the umbilical artery (P<0. 05). Then, CVS did cause a significant decrease in the ratio of RI for fetal Middle Cerebral Artery to RI for Umbilical Artery (P<0. 05). Based on these results, it seems that CVS can cause distress in the fetus.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a new method and its true risk of fetal loss and complications is not still clearly determined. The objective of this study was to review the clinical pregnancy outcome of transabdominal CVS (TA-CVS) performed on women with minor beta thalassemia. TA-CVS performed on 300 women with a singleton pregnancy and we could follow 213 women until delivery. Data regarding induced legal abortion, spontaneous abortion, vaginal leakage, Vaginal bleeding and deformity of extremities (limb reduction) were obtained by questionnaire in five years. All CVS were performed by one operator. The mean gestation at time of CVS was 82.4±11.3 days. 79.2% of the procedures were made between 10-13 completed weeks and in other women (20.7%) TA-CVS was performed at 13-16 weeks. The majority (86.9%) required only one puncture. There were 47 pregnancy terminations because of fetal major beta thalassemia diagnosis (18 %). The rate of spontaneous abortion in our study was over ally (1.4%) and in two patients vaginal bleeding was noticed. We didn’t find any vaginal leakage and limb reduction in our survey. TA-CVS is an accurate and safe procedure in experienced hands. It should be considered as one of the safe available procedures for women who require prenatal genetic diagnosis and wish to receive earlier diagnostic information for probable termination of pregnancy.